Microsoft SQL Server: Elevation of privilege via SQL injection
Summary
A SQL injection flaw in Microsoft SQL Server allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over the network. The attacker needs a valid low-privilege database account, so the risk is mainly for compromised application accounts or insiders. The vulnerability affects SQL Server 2017, 2019, 2022 and 2025 builds listed in the CVE record.
Affected
- SQL Server 2017 (GDR): 14.0.0 to before 14.0.2150.2
- SQL Server 2017 CU31 (x64): 14.0.3006.16 to before 14.0.3570.2
- SQL Server 2019 (GDR): 15.0.0 to before 15.0.2210.4
- SQL Server 2019 CU32 (x64): 15.0.4003.23 to before 15.0.4510.2
- SQL Server 2022 (GDR): 16.0.0 to before 16.0.1220.3
- SQL Server 2022 CU27 (x64): 16.0.4003.1 to before 16.0.4315.2
- SQL Server 2025 CU10: 17.0.4006.0 to before 17.0.5045.3
- SQL Server 2025 GDR (x64): 17.0.1050.2 to before 17.0.1155.3
Fixed in
- SQL Server 2025 GDR: 17.0.1155.3 (KB5132748, November 2026)
- Other branches: fixed builds per CVE record are 14.0.2150.2, 14.0.3570.2, 15.0.2210.4, 15.0.4510.2, 16.0.1220.3, 16.0.4315.2 and 17.0.5045.3. The 2022 and 2025 CU entries are not yet confirmed against Microsoft's own record.
- KB article numbers for the 2017, 2019 and 2022 builds: Unknown. Check the MSRC page.
Workaround
Unknown. No vendor-published workaround identified.
- General hardening: limit database logins and their permissions and review accounts with elevated rights.
Exploitation
- No evidence of exploitation in the wild or of public proof-of-concept code as of 10 November 2026.
- CISA SSVC assessment: exploitation none, not automatable, technical impact total.
Our recommendation
- Inventory all SQL Server 2017, 2019, 2022 and 2025 instances and their build numbers.
- Apply the November 2026 GDR or CU for each branch, using the KB links on the MSRC page.
- Verify the patched build after installation.
- Confirm that SQL Server is not reachable from the internet and that port 1433 and other database ports are not exposed.
- Review database accounts with elevated rights and apply the whole November 2026 SQL Server update set together.
Information from Microsoft (Patch Tuesday November 2026)
Public exploits
PoC-in-GitHub, Metasploit and Exploit-DB list nothing for this CVE.
Research sources
- Microsoft Security Response Center: CVE-2026-118109 msrc.microsoft.com
- CVE Record CVE-2026-118109 (CVE Program) www.cve.org
- Microsoft KB5132748: SQL Server 2025 GDR, November 2026 support.microsoft.com
- threatint CVE mirror: CVE-2026-118109 cve.threatint.com
- Strix: CVE-2026-118109 www.strix.ai
Researched and written up in English and German by an AI (Claude by Anthropic) based on NVD, CISA, EPSS and the sources listed. The vendor information is authoritative. Researched on 10 Nov 2026, 22:32.
Original description (NVD)
Improper neutralization of special elements used in an sql command ('sql injection') in SQL Server allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
NVD references (1)
Sources
The tracker combines official, freely usable data sources – updated continuously:
- NVD (NIST) – CVEs, rating (CVSS), affected products
- CISA KEV – vulnerabilities confirmed by CISA as actively exploited
- CISA Vulnrichment – CISA assessment (SSVC) in the official CVE record
- FIRST EPSS – probability of exploitation
- Microsoft MSRC – Patch Tuesday: vulnerabilities, severity, updates
- PoC-in-GitHub – public proof-of-concept repositories
- Metasploit (Rapid7) – modules of the Metasploit Framework
- Exploit-DB (OffSec) – archive of public exploits (links only)
- Patch days: official vendor pages (linked per vendor) (Vendor patch days)
This product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. EPSS data © FIRST.org.
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