Azure CLI: OS command injection leading to remote code execution
Summary
An OS command injection flaw (CWE-78) in Azure CLI allows an authorized attacker to execute code over the network. The CVE record and the research notes conflict on the affected product, and the vendor advisory could not be retrieved, so the exact product and version range are unconfirmed. Exploitation requires a low-privileged account and user interaction, so the practical risk depends on the context in which the CLI runs.
Affected
- Unconfirmed: CVE record lists Microsoft Azure Machine Learning, affected 3.0.0 to < 2.45.1; description names Azure CLI.
- The range 3.0.0 to < 2.45.1 is internally inconsistent in secondary sources and is treated as unverified.
Fixed in
Unknown.
Workaround
No vendor workaround found.
- Inventory all Azure CLI installs and Azure Machine Learning components.
- Restrict who can run Azure CLI on shared or admin hosts.
- Do not pass untrusted input such as tags, names or parameters into Azure CLI commands in scripts or automation.
Exploitation
- No evidence of exploitation in the wild found.
- No public proof of concept found.
- Not listed in CISA KEV at the time of research; check the catalogue directly.
- CVSS 3.1 base score 8.0 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
Our recommendation
- Confirm the affected product and version range in the MSRC advisory.
- Identify all Azure CLI and Azure Machine Learning installations, especially on admin workstations and jump hosts.
- Apply the vendor fix as soon as it is confirmed.
- Limit CLI use on admin hosts and review scripts that process user-controlled metadata.
- Re-check NVD and CISA KEV once NVD analysis is complete.
Information from Microsoft (Patch Tuesday November 2026)
Public exploits
PoC-in-GitHub, Metasploit and Exploit-DB list nothing for this CVE.
Research sources
- MSRC Security Update Guide: CVE-2026-109457 msrc.microsoft.com
- CVE Record CVE-2026-109457 www.cve.org
- Strix: CVE-2026-109457 www.strix.ai
- Rapid7: November 2026 Patch Tuesday www.rapid7.com
- BleepingComputer: November 2026 Patch Tuesday www.bleepingcomputer.com
- Azure CLI release notes learn.microsoft.com
Researched and written up in English and German by an AI (Claude by Anthropic) based on NVD, CISA, EPSS and the sources listed. The vendor information is authoritative. Researched on 11 Nov 2026, 01:58.
Original description (NVD)
Improper neutralization of special elements used in an os command ('os command injection') in Azure CLI allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network.
NVD references (1)
Sources
The tracker combines official, freely usable data sources – updated continuously:
- NVD (NIST) – CVEs, rating (CVSS), affected products
- CISA KEV – vulnerabilities confirmed by CISA as actively exploited
- CISA Vulnrichment – CISA assessment (SSVC) in the official CVE record
- FIRST EPSS – probability of exploitation
- Microsoft MSRC – Patch Tuesday: vulnerabilities, severity, updates
- PoC-in-GitHub – public proof-of-concept repositories
- Metasploit (Rapid7) – modules of the Metasploit Framework
- Exploit-DB (OffSec) – archive of public exploits (links only)
- Patch days: official vendor pages (linked per vendor) (Vendor patch days)
This product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. EPSS data © FIRST.org.
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