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Oracle Java SE: Unauthorized data access in JSSE component

CVE-2026-114820Critical 9.1Public exploit

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Summary

A flaw in the JSSE component (Java Secure Socket Extension, TLS APIs) of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK and Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition allows unauthenticated attackers with network access to create, modify or delete data and to gain access to data the Java runtime can reach. Exploitation works through APIs of the component, for example via a web service that passes data to them. The flaw also affects client-side deployments such as sandboxed applets and Java Web Start applications that run untrusted code. CVSS 3.1 base score is 9.1 (critical), and CISA SSVC rates the technical impact as total and the flaw as automatable.

Affected

  • Oracle Java SE 8u511-b32 and 8u511-perf-b32
  • Oracle Java SE 11.0.33.0.2, 17.0.21.0.2, 21.0.13.0.2, 25.0.5.0.2 and 27.0.1.0.2
  • Oracle GraalVM for JDK 17.0.21.0.2 and 21.0.13.0.2
  • Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition 21.3.20.0.2
  • Distribution builds (for example Linux vendors or OpenJDK builds) may use different package versions; check each vendor's notice

Fixed in

  • Oracle advises updating to the latest Java version; the patch availability per release line is listed in the Java SE Patch Availability Document, which could not be retrieved for this entry.
  • Unverified third-party claim: 21.0.13.0.3+1 as the Oracle JDK 21 fix. Verify against Oracle's release notes before use.
  • Builds 21.0.13.0.2 and 17.0.21.0.2 from the earlier emergency update are still listed as affected and do not close this CVE.
  • Fixed versions for the other release lines: Unknown.

Workaround

  • Specific mitigation steps referenced by Oracle (ops.java/emudhra): Unknown.
  • The fix removes root CA certificates linked to the eMudhra incident (emSign roots and the Comodo AAA root) from the JDK cacerts store.
  • Until patched: inventory all Java runtimes and custom truststores and check whether they still trust these roots.

Exploitation

  • Exploited in the wild: Not known; Oracle does not state any exploitation.
  • Public proof of concept: None known (VulDB, TheHackerWire).
  • Rapid7 lists EPSS 0%; the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV.
  • A 'sandbox escape' headline from TheHackerWire is unverified; the Oracle and Penligent material shows no exploitation chain.
  • Scoring discrepancy: VulDB lists CVSS 7.3 and CWE-269, Oracle and the CVE record list CVSS 9.1 and CWE-327.
  • NVD status at time of research: Awaiting Analysis.

Our recommendation

  • Inventory all Java runtimes, including those embedded in business applications and third-party software; ask vendors which Java versions they use.
  • Check internet-facing Java services and web services first and patch them with priority, using the Oracle Java SE Patch Availability Document or the vendor's notice.
  • Do not treat the earlier emergency builds (21.0.13.0.2, 17.0.21.0.2) as a fix.
  • Check truststores and applications for reliance on the removed eMudhra-related roots and adjust them.
  • Restrict network exposure of Java services and monitor them for unusual data access.

Public exploits

Links to third-party sites, not checked by us – exploit code can contain malware. Only use it in isolated test environments.

Research sources

Researched and written up in English and German by an AI (Claude by Anthropic) based on NVD, CISA, EPSS and the sources listed. The vendor information is authoritative. Researched on 31 Oct 2026, 05:25.

Original description (NVD)

Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: JSSE). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 8u511-b32, 8u511-perf-b32, 11.0.33.0.2, 17.0.21.0.2, 21.0.13.0.2, 25.0.5.0.2, 27.0.1.0.2; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 17.0.21.0.2 and 21.0.13.0.2; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 21.3.20.0.2. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data as well as unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data. Note: This vulnerability can be exploited by using APIs in the specified Component, e.g., through a web service which supplies data to the APIs. This vulnerability also applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.1 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N).

NVD references (1)

Sources

The tracker combines official, freely usable data sources – updated continuously:

This product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. EPSS data © FIRST.org.

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